背景描述 |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a 2019 novel coronavirus, that causes pandemic disease globally. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Structurally, the virus harbors sixteen non-structural proteins (NSP1-NSP16), four structural proteins (spike, membrane, envelope, and nucleocapsid), and nine accessory proteins. The spike protein is a 1273-amino-acids transmembrane, homotrimeric class I fusion protein that contains two functional subunits, receptor-binding subunit S1 (amino acids 14-685) and membrane-fusion subunit S2 (amino acids 686-1273). The trimeric spike protein on the surface of the virion is responsible for initiating viral infection through binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells. |